Crystallized Intelligence

What is crystallized intelligence?

Crystallized intelligence (Gc) is the knowledge and skills acquired through experience, learning, and culture. The other half of Cattell's model alongside fluid intelligence. Vocabulary, factual knowledge, general world knowledge.

Why does it matter?

Unlike Gf, crystallized intelligence grows across the lifespan — peaking at 60-70. This is why senior experts often outperform younger ones in their field despite a slower brain.

How is it measured?

General knowledge tests, verbal subtests (Vocabulary, Information in WAIS-IV).